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Tips on Low Calorie Dieting


Portion Distortion

Advice post-it noteWe are eating more today than we used to. Restaurant servings and prepackaged food servings are getting bigger. In 1955, the biggest size of French fries at McDonald’s had 210 calories. In 2002, the biggest size of fries had 610 calories. Portion sizes in the Joy of Cooking cookbook have been growing since 1970. What is happening is that people are getting a distorted picture of what a reasonable serving size should be, and people are eating more.

The portion sizes from the Food Pyramid are much smaller than what the average person eats. As an example, the USDA recommends a serving of fries to be 1 ounce which has only 80 calories. This is obviously smaller than what you get at a fast food restaurant. It is not just at restaurants, but it happens with foods you buy at the grocery store. The Food Guide Pyramid says a serving of pasta or rice is one half of a cup. The food labels on most packages of pasta or rice say that one full cup is a serving.

It is getting harder to eat the right portions of food. You must keep up with the total calories yourself in order to keep it under control. When estimating portions, you can think of common items. Here are some examples: A cup of rice or pasta is about the size of a fist; A 3 oz serving of meat is like a deck of cards; A baseball is the same a medium sized piece of fruit; And a medium potato should be about the size of a computer mouse.

The National Heart Lung Blood Institute has an online activity on portion distortion.

Citrus sun

Fat Content

The main sources of calories in food come from fat, carbohydrates, and protein. Fat has about twice as many calories as carbohydrates or proteins. Fat calories from food is more easily stored as fat in your body than calories from carbohydrates or protein. However, some fat is essential for a healthy diet. Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) have beneficial effects.

It is recommended that 25-30% of daily calories come from fat. Also, fat makes food taste better. For any long-term weight management, food fat in moderation is much more realistic than trying to eliminate as much fat from your diet as possible. People stick to these types of diets better, so they lose more weight and keep it off.

Be careful when a foot says that it is low fat. Some low fat foods have extra carbohydrates or sugars. This means they can have about the same or even more calories. For example, a small regular blueberry muffin can have 138 calories, and a low-fat blueberry muffin of the same size can have 131 calories.

For people in the NWCR, they found that fat control was an important part of their weight loss programs. It is easier to count fat grams than percent calories of fat. First figure out how many calories you need and multiply it by 30%. Then divide that number by 9.4. This is how many grams of fat you can eat per day. Remember, however, that’s it’s really the total calories that matter. Counting fat grams is a way to help control calories.

Soft Drinks and Drinks with Added Sugar

This is one of the best and easiest ways to cut down on calories. Sodas and other sweet beverages have a lot of calories, and if they are consumed at each meal, the calories can add up. Simply by switching to diet sodas, which typically have no calories, and by using artificial sweetener instead of real sugar in things like tea and coffee can greatly reduce your daily calorie intake.

Liquids also do not make you feel full like solid foods do. This makes you want to drink more of them. They tend to lack a lot of vitamins and nutrients, making them “empty calories.”

Fruits and Vegetables

Fruit standEating more fruits and vegetables is one of the best things you can do for your health and weight loss. They are less dense in calories than most of the other foods we eat. They also have fiber which helps us to feel full.

By adding vegetables to entrées (for example, putting a tomato slice on a sandwich), we can make our meals more filling while adding minimal calories. The nutrients and fiber provided by fruits and vegetables are also great for your health. The average person should eat 4-5 servings of fruits or vegetables per day.

Eating Out

We are eating out more than we used to. In 1970, people used to spend 25% of their food budget on eating out. In 1995, people spent 40% of their money on food by eating out. Commercially prepared foods generally have more fat and calories than meals fixed at home.
 

Return to Diets, Counting Calories, or the Home Page.


It is important you discuss any weight loss or exercise plan with your doctor. Only you and your physician can decide what is best for you. Some people have certain conditions that prevent them from doing all exercises, and goal body weights may be different for different people. You need to discuss all these things with your physician before starting any weight loss or exercise program.

This article was written by John Vickery, MD.

References

“Dietary therapy for obesity” UpToDate version 15.3
Prim Care Clin Office Pract 2003;30:301-316
“Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III): Executive Summary” NIH Publication No. 01-3670 at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/cholesterol/atp3xsum.pdf

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